Resilience can best be defined as the individual and collective will and capability to recover from all conceivable and unconceivable shocks. It is vital that resilience forms a foundation for both deterrence by denial and by punishment. A new Alliance framework is needed that links not just deterrence, defence and resilience, but also enables such synergies to create enhanced resilience because the nature of contestation is leading to major disruption.
To serve as a critical strategic enabler for vital deterrence by denial enhanced resilience must be defined broadly if an all-important whole-of-society approach to defence and deterrence is to be forged. Enhanced resilience must be mainstreamed into all aspects of deterrence, including a compelling definition of economic deterrence.
Allies and partners must far more actively prepare collectively and individually their respective societies for persistent hybrid threats across the contested domains of cyber, infrastructure, economic, life fundamentals (food, water, energy etc), and the governance and democracy battlespace.